Plastics :: essays research papers

Plastics are a product that is very common in our everday usage. We use plastics everywhere ranging for Tupperware to the cars that we drive. Although most everyone has accepted the fact that plastics progress our lives easier and has become essential to us, there are people out there who are perhaps unaware of how important plastics are to our society, or people who unless dont approve of plastics because of its environmental harm. An advertising in a Health Care magazine tries to convince this audience why plastics are needed and the usefulness of plastics. The advertisement tries to show its audience that plastics play an important role in our everyday lives and tries to make the audience question where we would be without the use of plastics. This advertisement, directed towards people that do not realize the usefulness of plastics or who do not approve of the use of plastics, through the use of pathos, logos, and ethos tries to persuade its audience that, "Plastics make it possible." The pathos plays on the audiences sympathy of why we should use plastics, the logos gives soils how plastics are useful and why they are used in our society, and the ethos makes the audience feel that if unconvinced by the advertisement alone, there is more information available to them.First and foremost seen in the advertisement is pathos. The advertisement grabs the audiences attention by showing a picture of a plunk of boys playing football. Knowing that the children are our future and that the children of today shape our tomorrow, m some(prenominal) people are concerned with the problems of our younger generations and care a great fix about what happens to our younger generations. The advertisement does a good job of playing on the audiences emotions by involving children. Half of the advertisement is covered by the picture of a bunch of little boys playing football. The boys are wearing football helmets and look as though there is not one scratch on any o ne of them. The advertisement is trying to convey is that if it were not for the football helmets, which happens to be made out of plastic, then the boys would be hurt and all bruised up. This gives the image that the reason the boys can be rough with one another and not be hurt is do to the fact that they are all wearing plastic helmets.

Cost of the Death Penalty Essay -- essays research papers

Costs and Consequences of the Death Penalty, written by Mark Costanzo, neatly lists reasons for opposition, and abolishment of, the end penalty. Costanzo provides a review of the history of the conclusion penalty, a review of how the death penalty process is working today, questions on whether or not if the death penalty is brute(prenominal) and cheaper than life imprisonment. He also questions if the death penalty is fairly applied and the impact, if any, that it has on deterrence. He closely examines the publics support of the death penalty and questions the morality of the death penalty. Finally, Costanzo provides his knowledge resolution and alternative to the death penalty. Each of these items allows the reader an easy, and once again, neat view of how the death penalty can work against out decree rather than for it.Costanzo concludes in that location are four trends throughout the history of the death penalty. First, he believes there has been a dramatic shrinking in the number and types of crimes punishable by death. At one point in early colonial times, he argues that there were over fifty crimes fit for death, including vagrancy and petty theft. He believes there is a trend that attempts to lessen the cruelty of executions. Through the tests and reviews of past methods of killing, each one gets a little more humane, as the Supreme act puts it. The third trend mentioned attempts to make the death penalty imposed fairly and rationally. Through the revised process of how it is imposed, to the choice of death in the jurys deliberations, there have been drastic changes in how we chose the use this method of punishment. Lastly, the fourth trend is the sanitizing of executions (conducted late at night and using well-defined and specialized procedures). Although this whitethorn run side by side with the revision of the death penalty process, Costanzo explains that there is a difference between the reasons why we chose the death penalty in cases, which is the revision discussed in trend number 3, and the revision of how it is carried out, which is the fourth. The practices have come along way, but if history proves true, Costanzo argues, there will be a refreshing way of doing it in the not so distant future, which will be called more humane and fit for use in our penal system.Costanzo sites the two verge decisions of the Supreme Court. Furman vs. Georgia (1972) ruled that capital ... ...wn government put people to death, the more likely they will be to use death in their own world. Also, he believes the evidence shows those who currently support the death penalty would favor other types of alternatives if given the option and explanation. Largely he believes people want justness and choose the death penalty due to a lack of any other sure way to keep the dangerous criminals off the street. Costanzo suggests workable alternatives to the death sentence i.e., life without parole plus restitution. He believes the public would re adily support this if the option was provided and explained. In conclusion, Costanzo believes that the death penalty does not work and should be abolished. He supports his position by thoroughly explaining the history of the death penalty and gives numerous arguments that support that no legal system is able to infallibility and evenhandedly break up who should live and who should die. He points out that those who support it do so in the abstract and that when given a better alternative to ensure the public safety, alternatives that sally punishment without the taking of lives would be preferred over ones that do.

Lord Kelvin (1824 - 1907) :: essays research papers

Lord Kelvin (1824 - 1907)William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) was born June 26, 1824 in Belfast, Ireland,and was part of a heavy(p) family whose mother died when he was six. His fathertaught Kelvin and his brothers mathematics to a level beyond that of universitycourses of the time.Kelvin was somewhat of a genius, and had his first papers published in 1840.These papers contained an argument defending the work of Fourier (Fouriertransforms), which at the time was being heavily criticized by Britishscientists. He proved Fouriers theories to be right. In 1839 Kelvin wrote anessay which he called " An Essay on the Figure of the Earth." He used this essayas a source and inspiration for ideas all his life and won an award from theUniversity of Glasgow in Scotland. Kelvin remained at the University for therest of his working life.Kelvin first defined the absolute temperature scale in 1847, which was laternamed subsequently him. In 1851 he published the paper, "On the Dynamica l Theory ofHeat", and in the same year was elected to the Royal Society. This workcontained his ideas and version of the act law of thermodynamics as well asJames Joules idea of the mechanical equivalent of heat. This idea claimed thatheat and motion were combined, which now is interpreted as second nature. At the time,heat was thought to have been a fluid of some kind.Kelvin also maintained an interest in the days of the sun and calculated valuesfor it. He assumed that the sun produced its radiant energy from thegravitational potential of matter falling into the sun. In collaboration withHermann von Helmholtz, he calculated and published in 1853 a value of 50 millionyears. He also had an interest in the age of the ball, and he calculated thatthe earth was a maximum of 400 million years old. These calculations were basedon the rate of cooling of a globe of matter after first curing occurs (such as the beginning of the earth). He also calculated that molecular motionstops at -273 degrees Celsius. He called this temperature absolute zero.Kelvin started work in 1854 on the project of laying transatlantic cables. Hisidea was that electrical current flow was similar to that of heat flow, and byapplying ideas on heat flow, helped in the conundrum of transmitting electricalsignals over long distances. In 1866, Kelvin succeeded in laying the firstsuccessful transatlantic cable.Kelvin invented the mirror galvanometer which he procure in 1858 as a long

A Comparison of Two Advertisements :: Adverts, Compare and Contrast

A Comparison of Two Advertisements I am going to contrast the two advertisements l have been given, one is Save the children and one is Barnardos. The points I am going to discuss are logo and contact information, slogan use of affective language, use of repetition, pictures, use of you, message, appeal and target audience. The logo in the Save the Children leaflet is the upper half of a body reaching upwards. It is encircled by a thick line with a gap before it reaches the body. The contact information is not understandably seen, it is in small print, in white writing, against a white-haired(a) background below one of the logos and slogans. It is in a clear font style and states all of the necessary information. It includes the Registered Charity Number. The logo is usually tide rip red on either a grey, white or black background. It is placed a lot throughout the leaflet but on the lastly page it is placed next to the contact information in a clea r place so that the contact information follows the solution having a large impact on YOU making a donation. The logo on the Barnardos advertisement only appears once. It is three people holding hands they are positioned so that they tone like they are running. Two of them are bigger than the middle one, which looks as if it is running and being lifted by the adults. It looks as if the one having fun and as it they are free. It is in a light colour, most probably white (I have a black & white copy) and the background is black. The contact information is clearly stated in an easy read font size and it is strategically placed at the bottom of the page so you see it last and it becomes the last thing on your mind so you remember it. The contact information is clearly stated in an easy read font size and it is also placed at the bottom of the page. The designate Make a donation is placed just before the phone number.

Price of Gasoline :: essays research papers

ANALYZING THE PRICE OF GASOLINEThe assignment this week presents a problem where the American Automobile familiarity (AA) generates a report on gasoline prices that it distributes to newspapers throughout the state. It further states that on February 18, 1999, the AAA called a random sample of fifty-one stations to determine that sidereal days price of unleaded gasoline. The following data (in dollars) was given in this reportTable 1 - Prices of Unleaded Gasoline at 51 post1.071.311.181.011.231.091.291.101.161.080.961.661.211.091.021.041.011.031.091.111.111.171.041.091.050.961.321.091.261.111.031.201.211.051.101.040.971.211.071.170.981.101.041.031.121.101.031.181.111.091.06Create a data array with the gasoline price dataA data array is defined as data that have been select in ascending or descending order (Shannon, Groebner, Fry, & Smith, 2002, 72). The following section presents the data presented in Table 1 as a data array. entropy Array0.96, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 1.01, 1.01, 1.02 , 1.03, 1.03, 1.03, 1.03, 1.04, 1.04, 1.04, 1.04, 1.05, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.10, 1.10, 1.10, 1.10, 1.11, 1.11, 1.11, 1.11, 1.12, 1.16, 1.17, 1.17, 1.18, 1.18, 1.20, 1.21, 1.21, 1.21, 1.23, 1.26, 1.29, 1.31, 1.32, 1.66Data AnalysisGiven the data presented in the previous sections, the next few sections use two histograms to estimate the number of prices that argon at least $1.15. The first histogram presents the data using five classes and the second uses fifteen.Histogram 1Data Used in Histogram 1 (5 classes)Range0.70 of contoures5Class comprehensiveness0.1400Bin ClassesFrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency10.9600 1.1000270.53270.5321.1000 1.2400190.37460.9031.2400 1.380040.08500.9841.3800 1.520000.00500.9851.5200 1.660110.02511.00Histogram 1 (using 5 Classes)Estimate of the Number of Prices that are at least $1.15Using the histogram presented in the previous section, the estimate of the num ber of prices that are at least $1.15 is five. This is because the only values that can be counted fall into bins three, four, and five. heretofore though bin two may contain values that are above the $1.15 threshold, they can not be counted as they are not guaranteed to be above the stated value. Therefore the formula for the estimate is Estimate = B3 + B4 + B5, where B3=4, B4=0 and B5=1.Histogram 2Data Used in Histogram 2 (15 classes)Range0.70 of Classes15Class Width0.0467Bin ClassesFrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency10.9600 1.006740.0840.0821.0067 1.0534130.25170.3331.0534 1.1001140.27310.6141.1001 1.146850.10360.7151.1468 1.193550.10410.8061.1935 1.240250.10460.9071.2402 1.286910.02470.9281.2869 1.333630.06500.9891.3336 1.380300.00500.98101.3803 1.427000.00500.98111.4270 1.473700.00500.98121.4737 1.520400.00500.98131.5204 1.567100.00500.98141.5671 1.613800.00500.98151.6138 1.660110.02511.00Histogram 2 (using 15 Classes)Est imate of the Number of Prices that are at least $1.15Using the histogram presented in the previous section, the estimate of the number of prices that are at least $1.

Price of Gasoline :: essays research papers

ANALYZING THE PRICE OF GASOLINEThe assignment this week presents a problem where the American Automobile Association (AA) generates a report on gasoline prices that it distributes to newspapers throughout the state. It further states that on February 18, 1999, the AAA called a random sample of fifty-one station to determine that days price of unleaded gasoline. The following info (in dollars) was given in this reportTable 1 - Prices of Unleaded Gasoline at 51 Stations1.071.311.181.011.231.091.291.101.161.080.961.661.211.091.021.041.011.031.091.111.111.171.041.091.050.961.321.091.261.111.031.201.211.051.101.040.971.211.071.170.981.101.041.031.121.101.031.181.111.091.06Create a data array with the gasoline price dataA data array is defined as data that have been sorted in ascending or descending order (Shannon, Groebner, Fry, & Smith, 2002, 72). The following section presents the data presented in Table 1 as a data array.Data Array0.96, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 1.01, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.03, 1.03, 1.03, 1.04, 1.04, 1.04, 1.04, 1.05, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.09, 1.10, 1.10, 1.10, 1.10, 1.11, 1.11, 1.11, 1.11, 1.12, 1.16, 1.17, 1.17, 1.18, 1.18, 1.20, 1.21, 1.21, 1.21, 1.23, 1.26, 1.29, 1.31, 1.32, 1.66Data AnalysisGiven the data presented in the previous sections, the next few sections use two histograms to estimate the fall of prices that atomic number 18 at least $1.15. The first histogram presents the data using five classes and the second uses fifteen.Histogram 1Data Used in Histogram 1 (5 classes) mountain range0.70 of Classes5Class Width0.1400Bin ClassesFrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency10.9600 1.1000270.53270.5321.1000 1.2400190.37460.9031.2400 1.380040.08500.9841.3800 1.520000.00500.9851.5200 1.660110.02511.00Histogram 1 (using 5 Classes) imagine of the topic of Prices that are at least $1.15Using the histogram presented in the previous section, the estimate of the number of p rices that are at least $1.15 is five. This is because the only values that can be counted fall into bins three, four, and five. Even though bin two may contain values that are above the $1.15 threshold, they can not be counted as they are not guaranteed to be above the stated value. Therefore the formula for the estimate is Estimate = B3 + B4 + B5, where B3=4, B4=0 and B5=1.Histogram 2Data Used in Histogram 2 (15 classes)Range0.70 of Classes15Class Width0.0467Bin ClassesFrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency10.9600 1.006740.0840.0821.0067 1.0534130.25170.3331.0534 1.1001140.27310.6141.1001 1.146850.10360.7151.1468 1.193550.10410.8061.1935 1.240250.10460.9071.2402 1.286910.02470.9281.2869 1.333630.06500.9891.3336 1.380300.00500.98101.3803 1.427000.00500.98111.4270 1.473700.00500.98121.4737 1.520400.00500.98131.5204 1.567100.00500.98141.5671 1.613800.00500.98151.6138 1.660110.02511.00Histogram 2 (using 15 Classes)Estimate of the Nu mber of Prices that are at least $1.15Using the histogram presented in the previous section, the estimate of the number of prices that are at least $1.

Philippine culture Essay

Academic Scientific Psychology or Akademiko-siyentipikal na Sikolohiya Western customs duty This follows the tradition of Wilhelm Wundt in 1876 and is essentially the Ameri cigaret-oriented Western psychological science existence studied in the Philippines. Academic Philosophic Psychology or Akademiko-pilosopiya na Sikolohiya Western customs This was started by priest-professors at the University of Santo Tomas. This tradition is mainly focused on what is called Rational psychology. Ethnic Psychology or Taal na Sikolohiya This is the tradition on which Philippine psychology is primarily based.This describes to the autochthonous concepts that are studied using indigenous psychological preference and methodologies. Psycho-medical Religious Psychology or Sikolohiyang Siko-medikal The tradition that fuses native meliorate techniques and explains it in an indigenous religious context. By Noeco C. Marquino,BS. Psychology UNO-R. Core value or Kapwa Kapwa, meaning unneuroticness, is the core construct of Filipino Psychology. Kapwa refers to community non doing things alone. Kapwa has dickens categories, Ibang Tao ( separate(a) people) and Hindi Ibang Tao (not other people).Ibang Tao (outsider) There are five domains in this construct Pakikitungo niceness Pakikisalamuha act of mixing Pakikilahok act of joining Pakikibagay conformity Pakikisama being united with the group. Hindi Ibang Tao (one-of-us) There are three domains in this construct Pakikipagpalagayang-loob act of mutual trust Pakikisangkot act of joining others Pakikipagkaisa being one with others pivotal interpersonal value Pakiramdam Shared inner perceptions. Filipinos use damdam, or the inner perception of others emotions, as a basic tool to guide his dealings with other people. Linking socio-personal value Kagandahang-Loob Shared humanity.This refers to being able to help other people in dire need due to a perception of being together as a part of one Filipino humanity. Accommodative surface values Hiya Loosely translated as shame by most Western psychologists, Hiya is real sense of propriety. Utang na Loob Norm of reciprocality. Filipinos are expected by their neighbors to return favors-whether these were asked for or not-when it is needed or wanted. Pakikisama and Pakikipagkapwa Smooth Interpersonal Relationship, or SIR, as coined by Lynch (1961 and 1973). This attitude is primarily guided by conformity with the majority.Confrontative surface values Bahala Na This attitude, loosely translated into English as fatalistic passiveness, in reality describes the Filipino way of life, in which, he is determined to do his best, hence the term bahala na, which actually came from the phrase bathalan na, meaning I leave alone do all my best, let God take care of the rest. Lakas ng Loob This attitude is characterized by being courageous in the midst of problems and uncertainties. Pakikibaka literally in English, it mean concurrent clashes. It refers to the ability of the Fi lipino to undertake revolutions and uprisings against a common enemy.Societal values Karangalan Loosely translated to dignity, this actually refers to what other people discern in a person and how they use that instruction to make a stand or judge about his/her worth. Puri the external aspect of dignity. May refer to how other people judge a person of his/her worth. Dangal the internal aspect of dignity. May refer to how a person judges his own worth. Katarungan Loosely translated to justice, this actually refers to equity in giving rewards to a person. Kalayaan Freedom and mobility. Ironically, this may clash with the less important value of pakikisama or pakikibagay (conformity).Approaches and methods Approaches, or lapit, and methods, or pamamaraan, in Filipino Psychology are different from that of Western Psychology. In Filipino Psychology, the subjects, or participants, called kalahok, are considered as equal in status to the tec. The participants are included in the research as a group, and not as individuals hence, an umpukan, or natural cluster, is required to serve as the participants, per se. The researcher is introduced to a natural cluster by a tulay (bridge), who is a part of the umpukan and is a well-respected man in the community.Some of the many approaches and methods used in Filipino Psychology are Pakikipagkuwentuhan In this method, the researcher engages in a story-telling with an umpukan. The researcher merely serves as the facilitator, while the kalahok or participants are the one who are to talk. The term kwento, from the Spanish word cuento, literally means to tell a story. Panunuluyan In this method, the researcher stays in the home of his kalahok or participant while he conducts the research with consent by the host family, whose head serves as the tulay to an umpukan.The term tuloy, which is the root word of the term panunuluyan, literally means to go in. Pagdadalaw-dalaw In this method, the researcher occasionally visits the mob of his host or tulay, as opposed to staying in the house. The term dalaw literally means visit. Pagtatanung-tanong In this method, the researcher undergoes a kind of questioning sitting with his kalahok or participants. In this method, however, lead questions (those questions which directly refer to the topic being studied) are not mantic to be asked, instead the questions to be asked are supposed to have been derived from the kalahoks answers themselves.The word tanong literally means question. Pakikiramdam In this approach, the researcher uses entirely his/her own feelings or emotions to justify if his participants or kalahok are groom to be part of his research or not. The term damdam literally means inner perception of emotions. Pakapa-kapa In this approach, the researcher uses groping, or a admixture of feelings as well as circumstances, to justify his intrusion into the life of his/her participants or kalahok. The term kapa literally means to grope in the dark. Psychopathol ogy.Filipino psychopathology, or sikopatolohiya in Filipino, from Spanish psicopatologia, is the study of abnormal psychology in the Filipino context. Several mental disorders have been identified that can be found and in the Philippines or in other nations with which Filipinos share racial connections. Examples of such are Amok Malayan mood disorder, more aptly called Austronesian liking Disorder, in which a person suddenly loses control of himself and goes into a killing frenzy, after which he/she hallucinates and falls into a trance.After he/she wakes up, he has absolutely no memory of the event. Bangungot A relatively common occurrence in which a person suddenly loses control of his respiration and digestion, and falls into a coma and ultimately to death. The person is believed to dream of falling into a deep abyss at the onset of his death. This syndrome has been repeatedly linked to Thailands Brugada syndrome and to the ingestion of rice. However, no such medical ties have been proven. Filipino psychopathology also refers to the different manifestations of mental disorders in Filipino people.One example of such is the manifestation of economic crisis and schizophrenia in Filipinos, which are for the most part, less violent. Psycho-medicine See also Philippine Mythology Filipino psychomedicine, or sikomedikal na sikolohiya in Filipino, is the application of basic psychology to native healing practices loosely considered as medicine. These practices are closely tied to the faith healers, as well as to the native pagan priestesses like the babaylan or katalonan, who were suppressed by the Spaniards during their colonization of the Philippines. Examples of such practices includeHilot The use of massage to aid a pregnant mother in the delivery of her child. Kulam capture or bewitchment. Lihi An intense craving for something or someone during pregnancy. Faith healers or manghihilot testify that if the craving is not satisfied, abnormality of the child ma y result. Pasma A concept that explains how init (heat) and lamig (cold) together can result in illness, especially rheumatism. Susto Soul-flight. Derived from Latin American traditions. Pagtatawas A method of diagnosing illness wherein alum (called tawas) is ritualistically used by the albularyo or medicine man for diagnosis of a variety of health conditions.The tawas is used to cross (sign of the cross) the forehead and other suspicious or ailing parts of the embody as prayers are being whispered (bulong or oracion). It is then placed on glowing embers, removed when it starts to crack, then transferred to a small receptacle of water. As it cools, its tiresome form spreads on the water surface and assumes a shape that may suggest the cause of the illness, often one of several indigenous forces dwarfs, d sins or other evil spirits (na-nuno, na-kulam, na-demonyo).The water in the vehicle is then used to anoint the ailing part or parts of the body to counteract the evil forces or il lness. The tawas is then discarded and thrown westward, preferably into the setting sun. Usog A concept that explains how a baby who has been greeted by a stranger acquires a mystical illness. Apparently derived from the Spanish tradition of Mal de Ojo. Gaba or gabaa The Cebuano concept of negative Karma. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Filipino_psychology History of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, or the Psychology of, about, and for the Filipinos.Psychology as an academic discipline in the Philippines started in the early 1900s when the U. S. colonized the country. Scientifically, it was generally viewed as a continuation of the development of psychology in the West. In the early 1970s, however, there came a routine point in the lives of Filipinos. It was a period marked by a high degree of nationalism, brought about by the declaration of the Martial Law. It was ironic that the military chaplain of Philippine Psychology was, at that time, a recent Ph. D. graduate of Northwestern University in the U. S. to a greater extent on this topic.Filipino Values Indigenous Concepts in Filipino Psychology Cultural, Societal Traditions Remain Integral Part of Philippines Skin Whitening and Dark Beauty in the Philippines It was precisely his Western education that made Sikolohiyang Pilipino founding father Virgilio Enriquez realize the need to have a psychology based on the experience, ideas, and orientation of the Filipinos. Together with three other colleaguesProspero Covar (anthropologist), and Zeus Salazar (historian), and Alfredo Lagmay (psychologist)they helped establish the foundation for a psychology of and for the Filipinos.Enriquez had been a professor of Psychology in the University of the Philippines in Diliman in 1963, but left in 1966 for the U. S. to pursue a Ph. D. in Social Psychology. From there, he watched the disenchantment of young student activists in the Philippines over the deteriorating political and social conditions of the country. When Enriquez returne d to the Philippines in 1971, he embarked on a research study with Lagmay into the historical and heathenish roots of Philippine Psychology, which included identifying indigenous concepts and approaches. Four years later, he chaired the first national conference on Filipino Psychology.In this conference, the ideas, concepts, and formulations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino were formally articulated. Sikolohiyang Pilipino in the University of the Philippines When Enriquez returned from the States, he and a few other colleagues translated foreign articles to Filipino. The students were also strongly encouraged to write their papers in this language instead of in English, which had been (and take over is) the medium of instruction in the University. Gradually, more and more members of the faculty were convinced to use the Filipino language in teaching Introductory Psychology.The main problems they encountered in the use of Filipino in teaching psychology, especially in its initial years, in cluded the lack of materials written in Filipino and the lack of a technical foul vocabulary. These challenges were solved by translations, compilations of local materials, and choosing the appropriate words from the local dialect. There were times when the technical term was retained when there was no equivalent in Filipino. This did not work out because Enriquez realized that the translation failed to express a truly Filipino psychology.Other factors were the difficulty of expressing or explaining some Western concepts and theories in Filipino, the negative reactions of students who sometimes felt that their skill in speaking and writing in Filipino was unequal, and the students lack of fluency in the language. However, there were observable benefits as well brought about by the use of Filipino in teaching psychology. Among other things It created better rapport between teacher and students There was a more relaxed atmosphere in the classroom The students confidence grew in expre ssing their opinions, thoughts, and actual experiences.A different perspective, which was more Filipino, was introduced into the course Indigenous concepts were discovered and The scope of topics discussed became broader with the addition of information from local materials and experiences. Class discussions also became more concrete in relation to Philippine reality. Psychology became related intimately and significantly to the everyday life of the people. some importantly, with the birth of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, a psychology with a Filipino orientation was developed. The Status of Sikolohiyang Pilipino Now.Sikolohiyang Pilipino continues to thrive, despite the death of Enriquez in the early 90s. Its proponents continue to advocate for a psychology that is truly responsive and reflective to the needs and the unique situation of the Filipino people. http//www. stumbleupon. com/su/2DjFxC/www. suite101. com/content/sikolohiyang-pilipinothe-history-of-philippine-psychology-a316940/ F ilipino Psychology or Sikolohiyang Pilipino has basic concepts based on indigenous Filipino values, including hiya, bahala na, and utang na loob. According to founder Virgilio Enriquez,Sikolohiyang Pilipino or Filipino.Psychology is psychology in the Philippines, for and about the Filipinos. It has a number of concepts uniquely based on Filipino values. Filipino Values in Focus One of the major focus of Sikolohiyang Pilipino are the values and concepts interpreted by foreign social scientists. Bahala na had been compared to the American fatalism. In Thomas Andress Dictionary of Filipino Culture and Values, it is defined as the attitude that makes him accept sufferings and problems leaving everything to Godthis is a fatalistic giving up or withdrawal from an engagement or crisis or a shirking from personal responsibility. For Filipino psychologists, however, bahala na is not fatalism but determination and risk-taking. Filipinos do not leave their fate to God when they say bahala na rather they are telling themselves that they are ready to face the difficult situation before them and bequeath do their best to achieve their objectives. It is a way of pumping courage into their system before a difficult task. Ads by Google Expat & Local Counselling International team up of therapists for kids, teens, adults, & couples www. thecounsellingplace. com Meditation Free MP3s Above the clouds, The sun is always shining.www. ramatalks. com Hiya and Other Misinterpreted Filipino Values Hiya is another concept indigenous to the Filipinos, and it is literally translated as shame. This interpretation of hiya is inadequate because it does not consider the other meanings of the word in different circumstances and form. Armando Bonifacio express that nakakahiya (embarrassing) is different from napahiya (placed in an awkward position) and ikinahihiya (be embarrassed with someone). Zeus Salazar also said that there are internal and external aspects of hiya. Foreign scholars have captured only the external aspect.The more appropriate translation of hiya is not shame, but sense of propriety. More on this topic Sikolohiyang Pilipino The History of Philippine Psychology Food in the Philippines Reflects Different Cultural Influences Cultural, Societal Traditions Remain Integral Part of Philippines For Western psychologist Charles Kaut, utang na loob is debt of gratitude. This definition identified the utang (debt) only, ignoring the other concepts related to loob such as sama ng loob, kusang loob, and lakas ng loob. Utang na loob became convenient in perpetuating the colonial status of the Filipino mind.For Enriquez, reciprocity maintains the image of colonizer as benefactor. When utang na loob is looked at in the Filipino context, it becomes not debt of gratitude but gratitude / human solidarity. It is not a big a marrow as debt is because in the Filipino culture of interpersonal relations, there is always the opportunity to return a favor. It is not obligatory in the immediate time to come it could be fulfilled in the next generation. It binds a person to his/her home community. Pakikisama is another Filipino value that has been misinterpreted by foreign psychologists.For Frank Lynch (1961), it is maintaining debonnaire interpersonal relations by going along with the majority conformity. For Enriquez, though, it is just one of the eight identifiable levels and modes of interaction in the Philippine society, which range from civility to conjunction with. It approximately means conformity but it is not slavish conformity. This becomes evident only when one also looks at the different levels of interaction, which shows that all those head start with paki is oriented to others. The term pakikisama was therefore taken out of context. Sikolohiyang Pilipino in Social Research.The whole range of interaction can be summarized by the term pakikipagkapwa (an orientation/commitment toward ones fellowman) better than pakikisama. Kapwa (unity of self and others/shared identity) embraces both categories of outsider and insider. Enriquez gave the following scale of relationship between researcher and participant Ibang Tao stratum (Outsider) Pakikitungo (civility with) Pakikisalamuha (interaction with) Pakikilahok (participation with) Pakikibagay (in accord with/level of conforming) Pakikisama (being along with/level of adjusting) Hindi Ibang Tao Category (One-of-Us).Pakikipagpalagayang-loob (being in rapport/understanding/level of mutual trust) Pakikisangkot (level of active involvement) Pakikiisa (being one with/level of oneness and full trust) Indigenous research methods identified in Sikolohiyang Pilipino as appropriate in Philippine culture are pagmamasid (general looking around), pakikiramdam (feeling through or sensing), pagtatanung-tanong (asking questions), pagsubok (testing the situation), pagdalaw-dalaw (occasional visits), pakikilahok (participation), pakikisangkot (deeper involvement), pakapa-kapa (grop ing), and pakikialam (concerned interference).The orbit of psychology in the Philippines is growing. With the increasing number of Filipino psychologists realizing the need to indigenize the field, as well as the number of research studies being done using Sikolohiyang Pilipino methods, it can only prosper in the future. Reference Enriquez, V. (Ed. ). (1990). Indigenous psychology A book of readings. Quezon City Akademya ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino.

Importance of Tolerance in a Community

What is valuation reserve? It is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty and shift let us pardon reciprocally each others folly-that is the first law of nature. (Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, pg. 206) Tolerance is showing gaze to others by appreciating others and allowing them to live. Individuals down different religions, opinions, coiffures and attitudes. Tolerance is about accepting other peoples lifestyle or beliefs without being judgmental. It contributes to a universal peace.Unfortunately, too a good deal anguish is nurtured in this world due to lack of tolerance. Moreover, atomic number 53 should ask if tolerance should have a limit particularly when it goes against moral values. Tolerance contributes in do a society st open. Without it, there would be no progression and no peace. In a society where different religious groups reside, it is essential. Every person is called to wish others practices and appreciate their contribution to a multi -racial community. Tolerance brings more justice, more equality and less racism. All people are born free and equal in dignity and rights, and they should not be discriminated against because of their nationality, ethnicity, religion, race, gender, political opinions, wealth or property. (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, 1948). However, there is a high degree of intolerance for cause between Israeli Jews and Palestinians. They are killing in the name of identity, statehood and religion. For the economy of a community to flourish, tolerance essential play an important role at the workplace.Higher productivity can be achieved if colleagues work together while understanding each other. A modern system of management keeps squeezeing and bullying away. The employer and the employee respect each other on the basic principle of tolerance. Tolerance at the workplace means respecting the attitude and practices of another person. Co-workers can feel more at ease with each other and concentrate on their work. People may do the same thing in different ways or run opposing attitudes. Furthermore, employees should be able to accept the policies and laws of the workplace and by being tolerant this can be achieved.Tolerance at workplace therefore reduces frustration and improves happiness. Tolerance should also reside in families. It starts with the wife and the husband who afterwards show it towards the children. The modern family is a refuge from the problems of life. It is based on love and tolerance. Without tolerance in the parent-child relationship, there would be a lack of understanding. Furthermore, intolerance between wife and husband can lead to domestic violence. There would be too much tension in a home if tolerance was not practiced. It is an essential component in relationships.A interrupt atmosphere prevails within bonds when it is present. Parents therefore should be able to teach tolerance to their children, for them to learn to be open to differences. In politics, tolerance plays a major function. Political tolerance is a key principle of democracy. It leads to better governance where genuine democracy prevails. Tolerance fosters democratic values as people have the right to voice their opinion. Criticism can be unspoilt as tolerance helps us to accept others views. As a result, the opposition system can freely disapprove a governments decisions and appoint alternatives.Politicians should be able accept and respect the basic rights of persons and groups whose opinion differ from theirs. All citizens, including political leaders, have the responsibility to put political tolerance into practice by words and actions. For an individual to integrate in a community, he or she must be tolerant with himself or herself. He or she must know how to live with others. We cannot expect everyone to think alike. To live in peace and harmony, one must show respect for oneself and for others. One must accept others as they are and tolerance is the key to it.It is a way of life and it contributes to self-happiness and happiness for everyone. In addition, by showing tolerance to other, one gives an example of this virtue to his surroundings. Thus, one should include tolerance as one of his or her basic principle of life. However, as almost everything in life, tolerance has a limit. There are so many evils in society that cannot be encouraged such as drug consumption and trafficking, corruption, favoritism, violence and all sorts of crimes. Tolerance ends where harm begins. Tolerance is meant for the worthy, to fight for human rights and aim for peace not to encourage injustice and harm.Severe sanctions need to be taken against illegal affairs and unmoral practices. Definitely tolerance has its place in every field of life. It makes relationships smoother, allows freedom of expression and freedom of opinion. For the economy, it contributes to a higher productivity. It can also contribute to ones happine ss. It implies that one should accept differences of opinion and settle disputes peacefully. Countries can achieve peace and harmony through this basic principle of life. Tolerance is a basic principle of life that everyone should have. Nevertheless, we ought not to ache unjust practices.

Eclipse Aviation Case Study

overtop Aviation is a big private leafy vegetable manufacturer, who does not create new jet aircrafts, but also new jet customers. Their aim is to offer the convenience, performance and safety of private jet travel to be available to more people but not only the elites. So their offers on products are more likely to be affordable, easy to own, easy to operate, but with nice performance capabilities previously found only in armed forces and commercial aircraft.The company seems to have a good melodic theme, but the reality does not go to the right direction. Eclipse Aviation was judged to be bankrupt by the Federal Bankruptcy Court of the United States in 2009. Bankruptcy documents indicated that a total of USD 702. 6 million was owed. After the bankruptcy, the assets were bought by a new company, Eclipse Aerospace, to continue its business. The bankruptcy of the company was due to the problem of the grocery.The market was expected to have a nice performance, but finally it didnt develop as well as it was expected. At the same time, many of the startups like Eclipse entered the market. At this point, the rivalry of the competitors was quite high in the market. The current aviation market does not perform well either. According to the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), the total worldwide aviation shipments fell by 2. 1% to 369 units in the beginning(a) quarter of 2012, compared with 377 in the start-off quarter of 2011.Eclipse has not publicized its orders of the new aircraft, Eclipse 550, of the first quarter of 2011, but according the datasets of its nearest competitors Embraer Phenom 100 and Cessna Mustang, they didnt perform well on the market at the beginning of the year. Both of them only delivered 4 and 7 of their lightest jets, compared to the number of 41 and 43 in the first quarter in 2011. As the market seems to have a great uncertainty, I dont think that it would be a good idea to invest in this startup.

A Rose for Emily Critical Essay

Critical essay A Rose for Emily was the first short story that William Faulkner published in a major magazine. It was published on April 30, 1930 in an issue of Forum magazine. Faulkner was still struggling to make a name for himself before he published this story. A Rose for Emily features patchy characters that make it an elicit story. Three of the ones that most appeal to the reader are Emily Grierson, Homer Barron, and Toby the handmaiden. Emily is the main character in this story she used to be a vibrant, extrovertive young girl who loved socializing with people and spending time with her family.After her incurs death she transformed into an introverted old woman who worn-out(a) the rest of her life hiding away in her house, and alienating herself from human contact. Emilys life was existence told through a series of flashbacks. She seems to be surviving in a world where time ceases to exist. She threatens to have metallic numbers affixed to the side of her house when th e town receives modern mail service, she is isolated from honesty which constantly threatens to break through her little world.Emily can be portrayed as some sort of object in this novel because she is always being watched. The townspeople always watch Emily as if she were some sort of object that they knew nothing about. People always wondered what she was doing. They would often see her through her window on some rare occasions, this was considered to be a rare sight since she never left her house. Homer Barron is a foreman from the north. Faulkner describes him as a large man with a dark complexion, a booming voice, and light-coloured hair.Homer takes interest in Emily and starts taking her out for Sunday drives in his buggy. As the years pass Homers interest in marrying Emily is dramatically decreasing. He disappeared in Emilys house one day, his corpse was later discovered in one of the rooms in her house. Homer was poisoned by Emily so that he could spend eternity with her Th en we noticed that in the second pillow was the indentation of a head. One of us lifted something from it, and lean forward, that faint and invisible dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair. p. 130 The Broadview Anthology of Short Fiction. This quote was interpreted from the end of the story. Emilys secret was finally out, all of town now knew what Emily was up to all these years. She was unsecure because she was never able to give up the men who regulate her life. Her fathers corpse for example was released after a fight with the townspeople, Emily had a tough time losing the significant male figures in her life, even though she poisoned one of them. A long strand of steel gray hair was discovered on the pillow abutting to Homers corpse.This meant that Emily was sleeping next to his corpse ever since she poisoned him. This also shows loneliness in Emilys character since her father died. She was desperately looking for a way to bring back the me mories of when her father was still alive. Toby was Emilys servant. He was not mentioned a lot in this story, but he was an important figure in Emilys life. He provided for her whenever she was in need, his communication skills nonetheless were gone. Some say that his voice would be rusty since he never used it. Toby was like Emilys connective to society.He was the only person leaving her house and coming back. The townspeople were always asking Toby questions about Emily or anything that goes on in her house, the townspeople however stopped asking him for information about Emily after a while. After Emilys death, Toby walks out the back door and is never heard from again. In conclusion, A Rose for Emily is a great story with many literary elements that possess a significant meaning in its context. Emily Grierson, Homer Barron, and Toby the servant are only a few characters presented in this short story by William Faulkner.

Coming Home

They say that at that devotes no place like home, and I would say nothing much develops close. People here, there and everywhere dream of a place, abroad or locally to go to. only for people like me who grew up at the province and are instanter studying in a different place, we reminisce the times we were with the people who we grew up with. Yes, the place I would like to visit is my hometown of GeneralSantosCity. The place that I ordain forever cherish in my memories In the days coming before the semestral break, a friend asked me, Are you going to go back to Gensan? and I said yeah.Then she asked me why, at first I didnt really know what to say. I just had this overwhelming feeling all semester that I need to go back. To go back to the place I spent sixteen years of my life, the place that molded my being, that taught me so much and gave me so much to bring with me here in Cavite. My quick answer of course was because it was where I grew up, at the time I felt it was suffic ient further, as I thought about it more, I realized it was a pretty shallow answer. I mean, who doesnt want to go back home? But then again what is a home? For some it doesnt even exist, and for some they say its just a memory.Some say it is the place where you grow up wanting to leave and grow old wanting to come back. Still others say it is where we belong, it is not a physical structure but rather for me it is a sense of well being. You just feel right, when youre there, I dont know, I dont have the soundness to elaborate further, but Im sure theres a place where youve felt it too. For me, its just different there, I feel so calm, so relaxed, so at ease, so at home, its the place I feel I can let my guard down. Well its not that I didnt have problems while I was in Gensan. Believe me, there were things that I regretted doing there up until now. Ang rami ko ngang kapalpakan noon as I say in our native language. But after dealing with my new environment here, nostalgia is a welc ome visitor. As the lyrics of a song saysIm coming home, Im coming home,Tell the? world Im coming home, Let the rain wash away, all the pain of yesterday,I know my kingdom awaits and theyve forgiven my mistakes,Im coming home,Im coming home,Tell the world Im coming . Because you see as time passes by you will come to laugh at the most bitter of memories, even the most hurtful, because I believe there will come a time when all we will have is our dear lives and our failing memories.

Sci228 Ilab

Carmen Coronado iLab SCI 228 June 12, 2011 BMI Part 1 Define BMI-You must define BMI and not just as a general definition indicating its relationship to height and fish. Please also do not forget to define the actual term BMI The body quite a little index (BMI) is of a measurement that was introduced in the early 19th century in order to categorize the entire populations weight problems. The BMI is a statistic that is functiond to classify peoples weight as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese. The formula that is used to calculate ones BMI is that the metric system will divide ones weight in kilograms by ones height in squared meters.Then the units call for the physicians to multiply ones weight in pounds by 703 and will then divide the add up that was gotten by ones height in inches squared. The body mass index will indicate if one is underweight, normal, overweight, and or obese categories. Part 2 Calculate BMI-Many students use an automated calculator to complete t his part of the assignment. I will deduct points if I do not see the actual math calculations. Please let in all stages of the math calculations associated with determining your BMI. There is an approximately 1800 calories that should be ingested.As to my BMR (basal metabolic rate) is about 1300 calories, which I should be eating around 700 to a greater extent calories in order for it to account for the amount of energy I will be expending during the day in both my daily activities. With regards to food, this entails eating commensurate portions of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. A bowl of steel-cut oats with added whole milk, with a handful of almonds, topped with a tablespoon of ground flaxseed and mixed berries equates to around 600 calories. In the mid-morning I would withdraw a snack of a protein shake and an apple that will work out to be about 100 calories.For lunch a tossed salad containing grilled scandalmongering pieces, romaine lettuce, corn, shoestring beets, carro ts, soybeans that will work out to be about 500 calories. For dinner I would have a plate with fried rice, some(a) mixed vegetables, mashed potatoes, and a piece of fish seasoned with garlic salt and lemon that would come out to be about 500 calories. So I would be left with 100 calories at the end of my day. Reference -Janiszewski, Peter. Body mass index (BMI) as a measure of obesity and health a critical appraisal. June 12, 2011. http//scienceblogs. com/obesitypanacea/2010/03/body_mass_index_bmi_as_a_measu. php

English In The Indian Subcontinent

side of meat in the Indian Subcontinent Just as in the Caribbean, the side Language arrived in South Asia as a result of colonisation. Un wish its narrative in the Caribbean, how forever, slope has al ways co-existed in the Indian subcontinent on base thousands of local lyric poems. So for most of the population, it has only ever been a second vocabulary. The origins of side in India The British first arrived in India in the early 1600s and soon launch trading posts in a number of cities under the control of The East India Company.By 1765 the Companys influence had grown to such an extent that the British were effectively controlling most move of the country. This while is often taken as the start of what is referred to as The Raj a period of British rule in India that brave outed until Independence in 1947. Initi altogethery position was only taught to the local population through the work of Christian missionaries there were no official attempts to force the wordin g on the masses.But by the 1700s, face had hard launch itself as the diction of administration and numerous amend Indians were demanding instruction in slope as a room of social advancement. By 1857 universities had opened in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. English was increasingly accepted as the speech communication of government, of the social elite, and of the national press. After Independence After Independence, India became a nation state, and it was intended that English would bit by bit be phased out as the verbiage of administration.But there was no simple solution as to which wording should replace it. At first Hindi, the most widely spoken language, chattermed the obvious choice, besides following convulsive protests in 1963 in the state of Tamil Nadu against the imposition of Hindi as a national language, judgment has re lede(prenominal)ed divided. In a country with over 900 million throng and to a gravider extent than a thousand languages, it is surd t o choose a single national language, as mother idiom come up toers of that language would automatically transport greater social side and call for easier access to positions of power and influence. sluice Ghandi, a proponent of a indwelling variety as a national language, accepted that his message was most widely understood if verbalized in English. So, although English is not an indigenous language, it re principal(prenominal)s as an Associate Language in India, alongside Hindi, the Official Language of the Union of India and eighteen National Languages, such as Bengali, Gujurati and Urdu, that have a superfluous status in certain individual states. English in India today Despite continued pressure sensation from nationalists, English remains at the heart of Indian federation.It is widely habituated in the media, in high Education and government and indeed remains a common means of communication, both among the ruling classes, and amid speakers of mutually unintellig ible languages. According to recent surveys, approximately 4% of the Indian population enjoyment English. That shape might seem insignifi send packingt, but out of the total population this represents 35 million speakers the largest English-speaking friendship outside the USA and the UK. In improver there argon speakers of English in other parts of South Asia, such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, where English plays a similar role.English is virtually a mother tongue for many educated South Asians, but for the vast majority it remains a second language. This means there are speakers whose spoken English is heavily influenced by dustup patterns of their ethnic language, alongside those whose speech reveals nothing of their racial background and some who are ranged somewhere in between. Asian influence in that respect are a number of elements that characterise the to a greater extent extreme forms of South Asian English. In name of pronunciation, many speakers do not d ifferentiate between the sounds and .They might likewise replace in course like think and this with a and sound, as no Indian languages contain these consonants. Under the influence of handed-down Hindi grammar, speakers often use progressive tenses in statements, such as I am accept you or she is liking music. eachone who has experience of speech in the UKs Asian communities get out also have encountered the phenomenon of code-switching combine language, phrases or regular whole objurgates from two different languages within the same conversation.The occasional or level frequent use of a Hindi (or Urdu, Punjabi, Gujurati etc.) word or expression within an English sentence can communicate a great sense of shared identity or solidarity with other speakers. This characteristic feature of Asian speech has led commentators to coin popular terms, such as Hinglish (i. e. Hindi English) or Pinglish (i. e. Pakistani English). The table below go pasts some(prenominal) examples of speakers use a number of pronunciations and grammatical constructions that are regular of speech on the Indian subcontinent. All the audio clips are taken from recent BBC interviews and come from voluntary conversation and therefore reflect the natural reflexes of South Asian English.The left hand column lists apiece feature, while the second column gives an explanation. The list is by no means comprehensive, but by clicking on the sound file you can hear an extract from a recording of a speaker employ the target feature. English in India Officially English has a status of assistant language, but in fact it is the most important language of India. After Hindi it is the most commonly spoken language in India and probably the most read and written language in India. Indians who do it English will always try to show that they know English.English symbolizes in Indians minds, better reading, better culture and higher intellect. Indians who know English often mingle it with Ind ian languages in their conversations. It is also usual among Indians to abruptly move to speak fluent English in the middle of their conversations. English also serves as the communicator among Indians who speak different language. English is very important in some systems legal, financial, educational, business in India. Until the beginning of 1990s, foreign movies in India werent translated or dubbed in Indian languages, but were broadcast in English and were meant for English speakers only.The reason Indians give such enormousness to English is related to the fact that India was a British colony (see Europeans in India). When the British started ruling India, they searched for Indian mediators who could help them to administer India. The British turned to high caste Indians to work for them. some(prenominal) high caste Indians, especially the Brahmans worked for them. The British policy was to create an Indian class who should think like the British, or as it was said then in Britain Indians in blood and color but English in taste, in opinions and morals and intellect.The British also established in India universities based on British models with emphasis on English. These Indians also got their education in British universities. The English Christian missionaries came to India from 1813 and they also built schools at primary level for Indians in which the language of instruction was local language. Later on the missionaries built high schools with English as the language of instruction which obliged the Indians who wanted to study to have a good knowledge of English.The British rulers began building their universities in India from 1857. English became the first language in Indian education. The modern leaders of that era in India also supported English language and claimed it to be the main key towards success. Indians who knew good English were seen as the new elite of India. Many new schools were established in which the language of instruction was English. According to the British laws the language of instruction at university level was English and therefore schools that emphasized English were preferred by ambitious Indians.Even after Indias independence, English remained the main language of India. Officially it was given a status of an assistant language and was supposed to terminate officially after 15 years of Indias independence, but it still remains the important language of India. Even today schools in India that emphasis English are considered better schools and the same is the case at university levels, even though there is a trend towards Indianization. In the 1970s and 1980s about one trine of the Indian schools had English as their first language.For most of these students, English is their first language and it is easier for them to communicate, read and preserve in English than in Indian languages, including their mother tongues. Just like the Americans, Australians or even the British who have their unique English words and phrases, the Indians also have their own unique English. The Indians and the Indian English language press uses many words derived from Indian languages, especially from Hindi. Other than that, the Indian emphasis is sometimes difficult for non-Indians to run across. There are some Indian pronunciations that dont exist in non Indian languages.The British also had problems with that and they caused some changes in Indian words so that they could pronounce them. Even the Indians started using these changed words and made them part of their English. Two examples of such changed words are currey and sari. your score. English as a National Foreign Language India has two national languages for central administrative purposes Hindi and English. Hindi is the national, official, and main link language of India. English is an associate official language. The Indian Constitution also officially approves cardinal regional languages for official purposes.Dozens of distinctly different regional languages are spoken in India, which share many characteristics such as grammatical structure and vocabulary. Apart from these languages, Hindi is used for communication in India. The fatherland of Hindi is primarily in the north of India, but it is spoken and widely understood in all urban centers of India. In the southern states of India, where stack speak many different languages that are not ofttimes related to Hindi, there is more resistance to Hindi, which has allowed English to remain a lingua franca to a greater degree.Since the early 1600s, the English language has had a toehold on the Indian subcontinent, when the East India Company established settlements in Chennai, Kolkata, and Mumbai, formerly Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay respectively. The historical background of India is never far away from everyday usage of English. India has had a all-night exposure to English than any other country which uses it as a second language, its distinctive words, idioms, grammar and elaborateness spreading gradually to affect all places, habits and culture. In India, English serves two purposes.First, it provides a linguistic peter for the administrative cohesiveness of the country, causing people who speak different languages to endure united. Secondly, it serves as a language of wider communication, including a large variety of different people covering a vast area. It overlaps with local languages in certain spheres of influence and in public domains. Generally, English is used among Indians as a link language and it is the first language for many well-educated Indians. It is also the second language for many who speak more than one language in India.The English language is a tie that helps bind the many segments of our society together. Also, it is a linguistic bridge between the major countries of the piece and India. English has special national status in India. It has a special place in the parliament, judiciary, broadcasting, jo urnalism, and in the education system. One can see a Hindi-speaking teacher giving their students instructions during an educational tour about where to meet and when their bus would leave, but all in English. It means that the language permeates daily life.It is unavoidable and is always expected, especially in the cities. The importance of the ability to speak or write English has recently increased significantly because English has break down the de facto standard. Learning English language has become popular for business, transaction and cultural reasons and especially for internet communications throughout the earth. English is a language that has become a standard not because it has been approved by any standards organization but because it is widely used by many information and technology industries and know as being standard.The call centre phenomenon has stimulated a huge expansion of internet-related activity, establishing the future of India as a cyber-technological s uper-power. Modern communications, videos, journals and newspapers on the internet use English and have made knowing English indispensable. The prevailing view seems to be that unless students learn English, they can only work in limited jobs. Those who do not have basic knowledge of English cannot obtain good quality jobs. They cannot communicate expeditiously with others, and cannot have the benefit of Indias rich social and cultural life.Men and women who cannot comprehend and interpret instructions in English, even if educated, are unemployable. They cannot help with their childrens school homework everyday or decide their tax income options of the future. A positive attitude to English as a national language is essential to the integrating of people into Indian society. There would appear to be virtually no disagreement in the residential district about the importance of English language skills. Using English you will become a citizen of the world almost naturally. English p lays a dominant role in the media.It has been used as a mass medium for inter-state communication and broadcasting both before and since Indias independence. India is, without a doubt, committed to English as a national language. The impact of English is not only continuing but increasing. IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH IN INDIA In our country English is important for a number of reasons. India is a land of diversity. Different people speak different languages. A person of Tamil Nadu does not speak Hindi. So he cant understand Hindi of a person from North India. However he can understand in English.So English is alink language. Different people can communicate with one another with the help of English. Secondly,all advanced knowledge in science,technology and medicine is available in English. The results of the in vogue(p) researches come to india through the medium of English. If we give up English,we will lag behind in the higher fields of study. Today the world has become one family. It is all due to English. English is an international language. English is the language of the Constitution,the Supreme Court,the High Courts and official departments.English is now firmly rooted in the soil of India. It has become a part of Indian life. Thus English has great importance for the integrity of India. It has to be second language in our contry for the better development of the country. Summary A look at the importance of English in India and the world. Read more at http//www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. htmltv8TJv6iPHuq8AYh. 99 A language is a systematic means of communication by the use of sounds or unoriginal symbols. It is the code we all use to express ourselves and communicate to others.It is a communication by word of mouth. It is the affable faculty or power of vocal communication. It is a system for communicating ideas and feelings using sounds, gestures, signs or marks. Any means of communicating ideas, specifically, human speech, t he expression of ideas by the voice and sounds articulated by the organs of the throat and mouth is a language. This is a system for communication. A language is the written and spoken methods of combining words to create meaning used by a particular group of people.Language, so far as we know, is something specific to humans, that is to say it is the basic capacity that distinguishes humans from all other living beings. Language therefore remains potentially a communicative medium capable of expressing ideas and concepts as well as moods, feelings and attitudes. A set of linguists who based their assumptions of language on psychology made claims that language is nothing but habit formation. According to them, language is learnt through use, through practice. In their view, the more one is exposed to the use of language, the better one learns.Written languages use symbols (characters) to build words. The entire set of words is the languages vocabulary. The ways in which the words ca n be meaningfully combined is defined by the languages syntax and grammar. The actual meaning of words and combinations of words is defined by the languages semantics. The latest and the most advanced discoveries and inventions in science and technology are being made in the universities locate in the United States of America where English language is the means of scientific discourse.The historical circumstances of India (having been command by the British for over two centuries) have given the Indians an easy access to mastering English language, and innumerable opportunities for advancement in the field of science and technology. Many Indians have become so adept in English language and have won many international awards for creative and comparative writingss during the last few years. Sometime ago, an Indian author, Arundhati Roy, won the prestigious booker prize for her book The God of minuscular Things.Her book sold lakhs of copies all over the globe. Over the years, Engl ish language has become one of our principal assets in getting a global leadership for books written by Indian authors and for films made by Indians in English language. A famous Indian movie maker Shekhar Kapoors film Elizabeth has got several nominations for Oscar Awards. It does not require any further argument to establish the advantage English language has brought to us at the international level. English language comes to our aid in our commercial transactions throughout the globe.English is the language of the latest business management in the world and Indian proficiency in English has brought renown to many Indian business managers. English is a means not only for international commerce it has become increasingly essential for inter-state commerce and communication. In India, people going from North to South for education or business mostly communicate in English, which has become a link language. Keeping this in mind, the Parliament has also recognized English as an offic ial language in addition to Hindi.All the facts of history and developments in present day India underline the continued importance of learning English in addition to vernaculars. Some of the states of India are witnessing popular increase in public demand for teaching of English language from the primary classes. Realizing the importance, recently, the Minister of Indian Railways, Laloo Prasad Yadav, demands teaching of English language in schools. The great demand for rise to power in English medium schools throughout the country is a testimony to the attraction of English to the people of India.Many of the leaders, who denounce English, send their own children to English medium schools. Many of the schools in the country have English as the sole or additional medium of instruction. A language attracts people because of the wealth of literature and knowledge enshrined in it. English poses no danger to Indian languages. The Indian languages are vibrant and are developing by the co ntributions of great minds using them as their vehicle of expression. English is available to us as a historical heritage in addition to our own language.We must make the best use of English to develop ourselves culturally and materially so that we can compete with the best in the world of mind and matter. English language is our window to the world. English language is one tool to establish our viewpoint. We can learn from others experience. We can check the theories of foreigners against our experience. We can reject the untenable and accept the tenable. We can also beam our theories among the international audience and readers.We can make use of English to promote our worldview and spiritual heritage throughout the globe. Swami Vivekananda established the greatness of Indian view of religion at the world conference of religions in lolly in 1893. He addressed the gathering in impressive English. Many spiritual gurus have since converted thousands of English people to our spiritu ality by expressing their thought and ideas in masterful English. English has thus become an effective means of promoting Indian view of life, and strengthening our cultural identity in the world.When William Caxton set up his printing press in capital of the United Kingdom (1477) the new hybrid language (vernacular English mixed with well-mannered French and scholarly Latin) became increasingly standardized, and by 1611, when the Authorized (King James) Version of the Bible was published, the educated English of London had become the core of what is now called Standard English. By the time of Johnsons dictionary (1755) and the American answer of Independence (1776), English was international and recognizable as the language we use today.The Orthography of English was more or less established by 1650 and, in England in particular, a form of standard educated speech, known as Received Pronunciation (RP) spread from the major public schools in the 19th century. This accent was adopt ed in the early 20th century by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for its announcers and readers, and is diversely known as RP, BBC English, Oxford English, and the Kings or Queens English. Generally, Standard English today does not depend on accent but rather on shared educational experience, mainly of the printed language.Present-day English is an immensely varied language, having absorbed material from many other tongues. It is spoken by more than 300 million native speakers, and between 400 and 800 million foreign users. It is the official language of advertise transport and shipping the leading language of science, technology, computers, and commerce and a major medium of education, publishing, and international negotiation. For this reason, scholars a great deal refer to its latest phase as World English. Read more at http//www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. htmll0tZymxyFrQpCsKi. 99

Obesity: Who Is at Fault?

fleshiness Who is at Fault? Name University of global Business and Economics Obesity Who is at Fault? It is no sneak(a) that an increasing amount of Americans be gaining pack and much of this blame is put on refrain viands establishments such as McDonalds, Wendys, Burger King, and Krystals, to ph mavin in a hardly a(prenominal). According to Warren Belasco and Philip Scranton (2002), The increasing consumption of convenience intellectual nourishments is an international trend influenced by changing lifestyles (p. 3) From a tops(p)ficial perspective, this doesnt seem like much of a bother.However, Robert Jeffery and Sim single French (1998), authors of the article epizootic Obesity in the United States are flying Food and Television Viewing Contrisolelying? avouch that Obesity is an important familiar health problem that, in recent years, has reached epidemic proportions (p. 277). In fact, roughly be c whollying the problem the fleshiness epidemic. Several law suits against fast regimen establishments receive been filed by those who are overweight. Its a serious problem, one that cannot be ignored. Before anyone assumes that its adept the United States, stand for again.With the increasing number of fast fare establishments in countries another(prenominal) than the United States, such as China, Japan, and Brazil, so are corpulency rates. The obesity epidemic can no longer be ignored and essential be solved. While the problem is known, the source of it is not and must be traced. What exactly is the source of obesity? Many good deal believe it to be fast food restaurants such as McDonalds, Burger King, Wendys, Krystals, Kentucky Fried moaner and Taco Bell. After all, are they not the ones distributing the food so unhealthy and high in calories? argon they not the ones advertising delicious, backstabbing food?argon they not the ones devising the food so addictive that the consumers subscribe no choice but to feast it and come b ack for much than? It is not a secret that thither save been boundless lawsuits against fast food establishments. One of the most popular lawsuits, Pelman v. McDonalds, has been nicknamed the McLawsuit. In this lawsuit, two overweight children (one of whom was nineteen years old) sued McDonalds seeking compensation for their health related problems cause by obesity. There is no debate that most multitude understand that fast food is unhealthy, regardless of what the Pelman v.McDonalds lawsuit claims. There have been documentaries recording, such as Morgan Spurlocks Super size Me, in which he eats McDonalds for cardinal meals for a month. The result is irrevocable and much more severe than any of the three doctors he had chartered imagined. It would be hard to find someone that denied that fast food was unhealthy. However, this does not mean that it is the reason for obesity. Fast food establishments should not be blamed for the obesity epidemic because when it all comes down to it, its a simple matter of choice.Fast food establishments do not harmonise their consumers at gunpoint and force them to misdirect their food, nor do they additives in their products to make it chemically addictive, despite what the plaintiffs lawsuit claim. Todd G. Buchholz, an international economist, keynote speaker, and author of Are Fast-Food Establishments Making Americans Fat poses an interested scenario The overweight base orchis fan jumps to his feet in the bleachers of Wringley Field, screaming for the Chicago Cubs to hold onto their 3-2 lead in the bottom of the ninth inning.He squeezes a Cubs pennant on his left hand patch shoving a mustard-smeared hot dog into his mouth with the right. The Dodgers have a runner on the first who is sneaking a big lead off the base. The Cubs pitcher has thrown three balls and two strikes to the batter, a infamous power hitter. The obese fan holds his breath, firearm the pitcher winds up and fires a blazing fastball. Crack The b all flies over the fans head into the bleachers for a game-winning home run. The fan slumps to his bleacher seat and has a heart attack. Who should the fan sue? a) The Cubs for breaking his heart? (b) The hot dog company for making a robustty food? (c) The hot dog vendor for selling him a fatty food? (d) every(prenominal) of the above? (p. 1) While this scenario seems completely absurd, at that place is sooner an a draw play of truth in how straight offs society works. The demandion that Buchholz proposes must be dealt with. Just who is to blame for obesity? The vendors? The fast food corporations? There have been lawsuits, many which are still prevalent to mean solar day. The question has not been answered and race are still seeking answers.As stated earlier, many believe the fault lies with the fast food corporations, which is why countless lawsuits have been filed against them. However, perhaps there is more than one reason why fast food establishments have been under at tack. Buchholz examines this very perspective. Lawyers are under pressure to take these cases for fear that if they do not, their reputation entrust be tarnished. Under any normal circumstances, it would be easy to turn the cases down. Unfortunately for them, it they are no considered normal circumstances.Despite the popularity of fast food, it has become quite popular for people to denounce the restaurants because of reasons such as the food is making the people fat, the corporations brainwash kids, and they bribe the children with toys. Michelle M. Mello, Eric B. Rimm, and David M. Studdert analyze one lawsuit in particular. Pelman v. McDonalds, or rather, the McLawsuit, as it was dubbed by the public, was filed against McDonalds by two overweight children seeking compensation for their health problems caused by obesity. They had claimed that McDonalds had deployed deceptive advertising, promotion, and sales.In addition, the corporation had produced food that was not only unsafe but had also moveed to warn consumers of the dangers of its products. It is quite interesting to note that the plaintiffs attorney had also filed a similar lawsuit against McDonalds and other fast food restaurants on behalf of adults. Believing it would be unsuccessful, the attorney withdrew the case to pursue Pelman. With children as plaintiffs, it was believed that the success would be higher, as the children would be seen as representatives of the afflicted population (Mello, et al. 2003, p. 208).The judge, Judge Sweet, dismissed the case, stating, cryptograph is forced to eat at McDonalds, except, perhaps, parents of small children who desire McDonalds food, toy promotions or playgrounds and demand their parents championship (Stout 2003). In an interview with the plaintiffs lawyers colleague, John Banzhaf, he admits The biggest problem is what lawyers call causationits hard to tell what caused a heart attack. What percentage is obesity, versus other factors? And was McDonalds 4 percent, versus 2 perfect for Haagen-Dazs? Everybody knows that, if you want to lose weight, you eat less, less calorie input, and more exercise.You dont have to learn that. (The Center for Consumer Freedom, 2003) The case drew national attention but many spectators established it was more or less a farce in order to make a few extra dollars for the plaintiffs and their lawyer. The authors list key points of the case make by the plaintiffs lawyers, one of which the case is compared to those made against tobacco companies. However, there are significant differences. Unlike tobacco cases, there has been no evidence to prove that fast food contains chemicals that are addictive. Mello, Rimm, and Studdert are not the only ones to note this. Buchholz also acknowledges this key point.Additionally, no someone has claimed that they have ever become sick from second hand take in. Another key point is that while cigarette research has been consistent over the years, diet research fails t o do the same. In fact, their research is lots contradictory. There are claims that the consumers are often too ignorant to understand the risks of the food they eat. However, this is a cut into point of fast food restaurants. Consumers are becoming more aware of nutritional and caloric appreciate of food and because of this, fast food restaurants, have reacted by making their nutritional value readily lendable to the public.Not only that, they have also changed their menu to feature more salads and foods with less calories. Buchholz brings up yet other important and crucial point to understand the answer, you must understand the nature surrounding the problem. He states that raze with the popularity of fast food establishments, people still eat two thirds of their daily calories at home. So while critics do a wonderful job of portraying fast food restaurants as manipulative, evil corporations, they fail to compare fast food to food made at home, school, or restaurants that do not chance upon into the fast food category.While plaintiffs lawyers condemn the nutritional value of fast food, they fail to acknowledge that alternatives are just as bad. For example, school meals are not much better than fast foods. While the schools provide few calories, in place is more saturated fat, more than fast food establishments provide. Saturated fat is the more dangerous subset of fats (Buccholz, p. 4). In fact, Buchholz notes, fast food actually has fewer calories today than they did four decades ago. In the 1970s, the fat content of fast food meals and home cooked meals were very similar.Even twenty-nine years ago, while home formulation may have won prizes for their extraordinary taste, very few would receive them from todays nutritionists. Of course, thats not the only thing to focus on. Modern jobs frequently require less physical work, center less time spent burning calories and more time being stationary. There are more desk jobs, which means workers are p aid to sit in their seats rather than exert energy. Work at home jobs are also more prevalent. With the growing popularity of the Internet, money can be made without counterbalance taking a step outside of the house.A survey shows that while people are not eating larger meals, they are snacking a lot more, something that definitely contributes to the calorie count. According to Buchholz, people have actually doubled the calories consumed between meals. This is a crucial point to keep in mind when examining the cause for obesity. plowshare size is something else that is also criticized harshly. While fast food restaurants such as McDonalds have been super sizing meals, they seem to be the target of many consumers despite other places that have also been supersizing their food, with detailed or no criticism.Examples provided by Buchholz include movie theatre popcorn containers or all-you-can-eat buffets. Studies show that people can eat bigger portions of fast food-like meals such as hamburgers and fries not at the restaurants but in their own home kitchen. Home cooked hamburgers on average now weigh eight ounces rather than the five to seven ounces served in restaurants, according to a study in the Journal of the American checkup Association.Despite the movie theatre down the block selling super sized popcorn or the all-you-can-eat buffet, which encourages people to loosen their belt buckle, they are not under attack as a cause for obesity. common land sense dictates that McDonalds, even if they have a super size option, does not encourage the consumer to eat all they can. All-you-can-eat buffets, on the other hand, do. Buffets encourage the consumer to exceed the limitations of their stomach and eat as much as possible. However, ironically, buffets have evaded the line of attack and blame by consumers.Yes, fast food restaurants contain plenty of calories and no one denies that this is not healthy. However, in comparison with other food alternatives, fast food does not seem as bad as the media portrays them to be. Unlike smoking, fast food appears to be safe when consumed in moderationscientists at snack-food companies have reportedly investigated how certain foods trigger overeating, but not damning evidence has emerged that food manufacturers hedge the content of their products to get consumers addicted (Mello et al. p. 211) Moderation is the key. In a study done by Robert W.Jeffery and Simone A. French, the neutral was to observe the correlation of TV, fast food, and body mass index (BMI). The results showed that the former two were positively jibe with BMI in women but not in men, and predicted weight gain in women with high income. This information is supports the claims made by Buchholz. Buchholz stated before that there are more people simply staying in one place rather than burning calories. Such is what happens with television viewing. To watch television means to do pocket-size to not moving, equaling to no calories bur nt. Epidemic Obesity in the United States Are Fast Foods and Television alter concluded that increases in availability of fast food and television may contribute to growing obesity rates. Fast food is a lot more prominent and available than it was in the past. It is simply a lot more accessible than before. However, Buchholz has this point covered while fast food is a lot more prominent, so are jobs that require less moving and increase in time to eat and snack. Fast food may contribute to obesity but it simply not the only cause, nor should it be the main focus if people are looking to fix the problem.In Fast Food Unfriendly and inflamed by S Stender, J Dyerberg, and A Astrup, association between fast food intake and weight gain is shown. The authors note ways in which fast food can be obesogenic. One must look at necessary things such as the portion size, energy density and fat content. The authors consequently conclude that reducing portions to normal sizes, eliminating trans fat, switching to lean meat, and other such actions would benefit the consumers in their quest for lowering obesity rates. However, by reducing portions to one size takes away the right of the consumer to make choices, argues Buchholz (p. 0). beyond medical research, Morgan Spurlock, an American independent filmmaker, produced the documentary Super Size Me in 2004. In this film, Spurlock undergoes a kick to see what would happen to his body if he eats McDonalds three times a day for one month. The rules were simple if it wasnt on the McDonalds menu, he couldnt have it he must sample everything on the menu within thirty days he must have McDonalds three times a day he can only and must super size the meal when asked and will attempt to walk as much as the typical American.Throughout the film, Spurlock goes through a change, both physically and mentally. His three doctors, nutritionalist, and personal trainer that he had hired all agreed that he was physically above average before h is experiment began. Though all three doctors had predicted that the Mcdiet would have a negative effect on his body, none expected anything to be as drastic as what truly happened, included but not limited to heart palpitations, and liver deterioration. Some of the results were irreversible.At the end of the documentary, Spurlock shows that some people do indeed eat McDonalds more frequently than they should, resulting in their weight gain and obesity health issues. Spurlocks main focus is on the negative impact of McDonalds and other fast food restaurants. However, this is unfair to the corporations. While McDonalds may cause health problems, it only does so when consumed frequently. Even though he has shown that there are people who eat McDonalds frequently, he failed to mention that the consumers have a choice.Fast food corporations are not holding their consumers at gunpoint and forcing them to buy their food but Spurlock presents his information in such a way as to convince h is audience that it is indeed the corporations who are at fault and thus, it would be counterintuitive to his position on the subject matter. Daniel J. DeNoon (2006), author of Obesity More daedal Than We Think? , suggests that even though doctors are blaming obesity on overeating and inactivity, there are other factors that play critical roles. Even if the other causes have little effect, they may together make a big difference.Other reasons include, but are not limited to, lack of sleep, pollution, and prevalence of air conditioning, side effect of medicine, genetics, and age. So while fast food corporations may contribute to the obesity problem by providing food high in calories, the corporations cannot control any of the other factors that may lead to obesity. While it seems to be quite the trend for consumers sue fast food corporations for their obesity problems, one must reconsider if the question of whether the problem lies within the food or the corporation and reevaluate their position.Its easy to point the finger and there is no denying that fast food, when consumed frequently, is harmful. However, there has been no evidence stating that when consumed in moderation it is harmful. Unlike the lawsuits against tobacco companies, there is nothing chemically addictive about fast food, nor has anyone died of second hand eating, since swallowing food requires self consent. In fact, fast food restaurants have been proven to not be physically addictive (Buchholz 3).By blaming corporations for the food the public is choosing to eat, it suggests that the public is incapable of making wise decisions and thus degrades the individual. Everybody wants a scapegoat for their problems because nobody likes to admit that it may not be their personal fault. Fast food isnt to blame. The consumers are. Fast food establishments arent making consumers fat. Consumers are making consumers fat. Works Cited Belasco, W. , & Scranton, P. (2001). Food nations. Routledge. Buchholz , T. (2003). Are fast-food establishments making americans fat?.Journal of Controversial Medical Claims, 10(4), 1-10. DeNoon, D. (2006, June 27). Obesity more complex than we think?. Retrieved from www. webmd. com/content/article/124/115592 Jeffery, R. , & French, S. (1998). Epidemic obesity in the united states Are fast foods and television viewing contributing?. American Journal of Public Health, 88(2), 227 228. Mello, M. , Rimm, E. , & Studdert, D. (1998). The mclawsuit The fast-food industry and legal responsibility for obesity. American Journal of Public Health, 88(2), 207 216.Special report Judge dismisses frivolous mclawsuit. (2003, January 22). Retrieved from http//www. consumerfreedom. com/2003/01/1753-special-report-judge-dismisses frivolous-mclawsuit/ Spurlock, M. (Director) (2004). Super size me DVD. Stender, S. , Dyerberg, J. , & Astrup, A. (2007). Fast food Unfriendly and unhealthy. International Journal of Obesity, 31, 887-890. doi 10. 1038 Stout, D. (2003, January 2 4). Obese teens lose mclawsuit. Retrieved from http//www. theage. com. au/articles/2003/01/23/1042911491525. html

Professors in My Student Life Essay

There be some situations in life that we would never forget. Since I began the school at 6 years previous(a) until I finish high school at 18 years old, I have had the opportunities to butt against several professors. Professors become a close person for us because we sh be with them at least single year of our life. They spend to a greater extent time with us, even than our parents. But no all(prenominal) of them are stir in terms of their way to teach. I classified them into three different groups, the group of responsible professors, insouciant professors and facetious professors. Fortunately, during those years, I have met many responsible professors.This kind of teachers worries about their students culture. They do not do if they have to explain a topic once again when some students do not conceive something. Also, they explain as clear as possible in order to obligate understandable what they are teaching. Others ways that teachers demonstrate to be responsible are reviewing and discussing the students homework assignments. Going through the exercises that students do at home is a good way to know if students are doing well or not. Professors can urinate if students need more practice before taking the test.In addition, responsible professors also go to the classroom prepared on what they will teach to their students. They know what the last class was about and what will go after it. Also, they utilise to take some handouts and materials for the students to work on it. But unfortunately not all professors are responsible. Other kind of professors I met was the unconcerned professors. These teachers arrived always late to the classroom. This behavior was a toughened influence for students. Also, the time of class was shorter nevertheless, they gave the class until the time ran out and the rest, to study at home by our self.Moreover, these professors do not used to review the homework in class. For that reason, my classmates and I did not kno w if we were learning or not. In consequence, most of us lost our interest to study. Another way to demonstrate their abandon was with the students test. For example, when we took a test, the professor many times lost our papers. In the better case, he gave us the bump off one month later. I hope do not have this part of professor anymore. I had some facetious professors, overcoat in high school. These professors always had a joke or tosh to tell.They always were doing that students would laugh and relax. I remember when we had an exam, one of them, before give us the test, he used to joke telling us that we had faces of sheeps slaughtered. Furthermore, they are never angry. To demonstrate, some students came out from the classroom to make phone calls and he did not elevator care about that. Also, I remember one of them who arrived late because his car was crashed, and he seemed like nothing had happened. Another way to project their character was their way to teach.All topics were stipulation a touch of joy which made s the class more enjoyable. He taught us to get a line the topics, singing them it was very funny. I enjoyed this kind of professor because he inspired me to do my best. In brief, in eleven years many professors go through our life. I particularly, have found these three type of professors responsible, unconcerned and facetious. All of them had their own way to teach and communicate with their students. I liked some more than others, for that, my advice to all of you is to think about what kind of professor you prefer and then you can go online to port for the best.

Macbeth †The Supernatural Essay

The term occult in the dictionary is described as a phenomena that cannot be explained by the laws of nature of physics. The term spectral today can be connected with a lot of subjects ghosts, poltergeist, mediums, physics and many more(prenominal). In my throw definitions supernatural means something that cannot be explained. The term supernatural in the 21st century has become more popular with the media about ghosts, psychics and making contact with the dead. Generally people are categorised today as believers and non-believers, the supernatural is an issue, which divides people. However in the time where James I was king almost everyone believed in the supernatural and this is why the issue of the supernatural was of an importance to contempory inter pots.The majority of people that believed in the supernatural in Jacobean times were overly fright of it. People believed ion a metaphysical world, which is a spiritual world. The reason they were frightened was they believed e vil, as well as genuine, was all around. An evil spirit could affect your body or your sense/spirit as they were different things and a person would have no control everywhere himself or herself if an evil spirit took over. An example, of what they believed when spirits took over, is how healthy they were.If they were well they believed good spirits ruled over and if they were threatening the evil spirits ruled. Witchcraft was also considered evil and in 1605 a law was passed which meant if you had anything to do with witchcraft you were killed. Shakespeare wrote the play Macbeth with the subject of the supernatural to be at the centre point of everything that happened. Its importance is high and it affects the audience, the characters and the piece in different ways.The first expectation of the play opens with the weird sisters. The witches open the painting to introduce the audience to the play and show the main stand is evil and the supernatural, this gives the audience a good idea of what to expect. The scene itself, for the audience, is also set it is on the moor and the audience would have recognised and associated this setting with bleakness and a place where dark spirits are. This scene also sets up the plot with the supernatural being present. prominent effects are used from the start of this scene which interest the audience, the witches use incantations to suggest control and positionWhen shall we three meet again?In thunder, lightening, or in rain?The witches have control over the weather, the rhyme also sounds like spells, which supports the supernatural effect on the scene. The conversation between he witches is also started mid scene which adds to the dramatic effect of the sceneHover through the fog and filthy pedigreeIs another(prenominal) quote which suggests the witches have the ability to fly but they are not clearly seen, this is catch that the witches my not seem to be all they are through the play.That will be ere the set of the lieThe third witch also predicts the difference will be over before the sun sets, another point which shows they have the power to accurately predict events.Language in the first scene gives both(prenominal) history and themes of the playWhen the hurly-burlys doneWhen the battles lost and won.The word hurly-burly is to suggest the Scotland polite war and suggests the battle of good and evil is lost and won. This is interesting for the audience as it adds to the historical field and keeps the audience interested in the play. The battle may also be seen from another point of view however, the battle for Macbeths soul.Fair is foul, and foul is fairThis quote also suggests when the battle is finished it is good for 1 but bad for 1. It also suggest things are not always what they seen to be which gives the theme of ambiguity of reality and humanity for the play. Rhyming couplets are also used this gives the sound of an incantation.In this scene the witches are planning to meet M acbethThere to meet with Macbeth.As mentioned before they talk about the battle between good and evil and they seem to be predicting what will happen, however, you could think the witches are purposely putt the evil events in motion. This is a factor, which has to be taken into consideration when interpreting their characters. Their characters are also a symbolism of fate.In Act 1 Scene 3 the Witches meet Macbeth for the first time, they are grievous in this scene to do three things. The witches entertain the audience using their powersIll give thee a wind,This, along with Act 1 Scene 1, again suggests the witches can control the weather. The witches also talk of a sailors wife who refused to give her chestnuts and she will get revenge on the woman by victimizing her husband and delaying his arrival homeHere I have a pilots thumb, smashd as homeward he did come.